Salivary gland: neoplasia

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• Unusual - adenocarcinoma most common type (malignant are more common than benign tumors).
• Signs:
  Either Firm discrete enlargement of one of major salivary glands (most commonly parotid), occasionally with associated mucocele.
  Or Diffuse thickened infiltration of oral mucosa developing from one of the minor glands.
• Treatment: surgical resection if possible.
• Prognosis: guarded; risk of metastasis and local recurrence.

• Mass in cervical region.
• Firm discrete enlargement of major gland/diffuse thickened enlargement of oral mucosa developing from minor gland.

• Associated mucocele .

• Old (~10 years).

• Siamese predisposition.

• Days/weeks.

• Salivary gland enlargement.

• Mass in cervical region.

• Firm discrete enlargement of major salivary gland/diffuse thickened infiltration of oral mucosa developing from minor gland.
• Dysphagia.
• Anorexia.
• Salivation.
• Secondary oral infections.
• Oral ulceration.

• Associated mucocele .

• Same as salivary mucocele .
• Palpate regional lymph nodes, FNA or biopsy of enlarged nodes.

Radiography

• Thoracic radiographs ..

• Adenocarcinoma .

• Salivary mucocoele .
• Salivary necrosis .
• Sialolith .
• Abscess .
• Lymphosarcoma .

• No reports of adjunctive radiotherapy , but may be worth while following surgery to reduce the risk of local recurrence.

• Surgical resection of salivary gland (if not widely invasive): possible with major glands, eg parotid; more difficult with minor glands.
   Preserve facial nerves.
• Radiation /hyperthermia may be appropriate in some cases.

• Guarded: surgical resection difficult with minor glands; local infiltration difficult to manage; metastasis possible.
• Recurrence or metastasis common following surgery.

• Hammer A et al (2001) Salivary gland neoplasia in the dog and cat: survival times and prognostic factors. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 37 (5), 478-482.
• Burek K A et al (1994) Metastatic adenocarcinoma od a minor salivary gland in a cat. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 41 (6), 485-490.
• Spangler W L et al (1991) Salivary gland disease in dogs and cats - 245 cases (1985-1988). JAVMA 198 (3), 465-469.
• Brown N O (1989) Salivary gland diseases. Diagnosis, treatment, and associated problems. Probl Vet Med 1 (2), 281-294.

• Irene Rochlitz BVSc MSc PhD MRCVS, University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.

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